Calculations

Calculations

• Inline values

  A value that the file stores inside its 32-bit payload word.

  Floats read from USD files usd/usdc-read.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Raw arrays

  A packed array of numbers of one type.

  Floats read from USD files usd/usdc-read.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Compressed float arrays

  An array stored as whole numbers or as a lookup table and indexes.

  Floats read from USD files usd/usdc-read.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Float text rounding

  A float or half value read from .usda text.

  Floats read from USD files usd/usda-read.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Arrays from text

  A list of parsed numbers as a typed array of the right type.

  Floats read from USD files usd/usda-read.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Half to float

  The value of a 16-bit half float.

  v = ± (1 + m ÷ 1024) × 2^(e − 15)

  Half floats in USD usd/util.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Float to half

  The 16-bit half closest to a number.

  Half floats in USD usd/util.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Measure to SI

  A property value in meters, square meters or cubic meters.

  area = v × L²; volume = v × L³

  IFC measures in SI for USD usd/ifc.js

  • CadCraft
  • BimCraft
  • ModelCraft
  • TakeoffCraft
  • CivilCraft
  • DetailCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Factor from text

  A factor from a plain number, a percent of the size, or a percent change.

  f = n; n ÷ 100; 1 ± n ÷ 100

  Typed scale factors and shrinkage allowance scale-factors.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Shrinkage allowance

  The pattern factor for a casting that shrinks by a percentage.

  add: 1 + s ÷ 100; exact: 1 ÷ (1 − s ÷ 100)

  Typed scale factors and shrinkage allowance scale-factors.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Meters per file unit

  The conversion factor for each unit system a 3DM file can name.

  meters = file value × factor

  Units and tolerance read from a 3DM file io/3dm/read.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Units and tolerance from the file settings

  Reads the unit system, custom meters-per-unit and the tolerance from a file's settings record.

  Units and tolerance read from a 3DM file io/3dm/read.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Density to tonnes per cubic millimeter

  Converts a density in kg/m³ to t/mm³ for the solver.

  ρ(t/mm³) = ρ(kg/m³) × 10⁻¹²

  Material units, gravity and custom material limits materials.js

  • PartCraft
  Exact

• Gravity constant

  The default gravity used for self-weight, in millimeters per second squared.

  g = 9810 mm/s²

  Material units, gravity and custom material limits materials.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Custom material check

  Checks a material from a file or a person and fills in a library material's thermal values.

  Material units, gravity and custom material limits materials.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Four significant digits

  Prints a result with 4 significant digits.

  toPrecision(4); toExponential(3) when |v| ≥ 1e5 or 0 < |v| < 1e-3

  Simulation numbers shown as text sim-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Fixed decimals

  Prints a number with a set number of decimals, and fills number boxes with 6 decimals.

  toFixed(dp), trailing zeros removed

  Simulation numbers shown as text sim-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Normalized mode shapes

  Samples each mode at the plot vertices and scales it to a largest displacement of 1.

  uᵥ = sample(modeᵥ) ÷ max |u|

  Mode shapes returned by the simulation worker sim-worker.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Temperature range of the plot

  The lowest and highest temperature used for the plot scale and its tick labels.

  lo = min T, hi = max T over all vertices (all frames when transient)

  Thermal window temperature range and balance read-outs sim-thermal-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Probed temperature and flux

  The temperature and flux text shown when a point is probed.

  Thermal window temperature range and balance read-outs sim-thermal-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Heat balance imbalance

  The unbalanced heat in watts and as a percent of the larger of inflow and outflow.

  percent = 100 × |imbalance| ÷ max(inflow, outflow, 1e-300)

  Thermal window temperature range and balance read-outs sim-thermal-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Scalar from a field

  One number per node or element from a vector or stress field.

  |u| = √(ux² + uy² + uz²); σvm as above

  Script result fields and meshes shown in the window cs-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Range of the plotted values

  The lowest and highest value that set the color scale.

  hi ≤ lo → hi = lo + max(|lo|, 1) × 1e-6

  Script result fields and meshes shown in the window cs-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Deformation scale

  A round scale that makes the largest displacement about 8 percent of the model size.

  raw = 0.08 × diagonal ÷ max |u|, rounded up to 1, 2, 5 or 10 × 10ᵉ

  Script result fields and meshes shown in the window cs-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit, display only

• Outer surface of a mesh

  The outer surface of a solid or surface mesh as triangles for the view.

  Script result fields and meshes shown in the window cs-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit, display only

• Mass from volume and density

  The mass of a part in grams.

  m = V × ρ ÷ 1000

  Part and assembly mass in the bill of materials, measure panel and assistant bom.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Rounding of the exported bill

  The numbers written into the bill of materials CSV.

  value = round to 3 decimals

  Part and assembly mass in the bill of materials, measure panel and assistant bom.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Mass properties reported to the assistant

  Volume, area, center, mass and inertia of the built solid.

  mass = V × ρ ÷ 1000; inertia = tensor × ρ ÷ 1000

  Part and assembly mass in the bill of materials, measure panel and assistant agents.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Mass properties in the measure panel

  Where the measure panel gets a body's mass properties, exact or from the mesh.

  Part and assembly mass in the bill of materials, measure panel and assistant measure-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Number format in the measure panel

  Rounds a measure value to a number of decimals for the panel.

  toFixed(dp); |v| < 1e-12 shown as 0

  Part and assembly mass in the bill of materials, measure panel and assistant measure-ui.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Default tangent modulus and its check

  Sets the slope after yield when none is given and flags one that is not below E.

  Et = E ÷ 100 when not given

  Nonlinear study fields and thermal stress history nlstudy.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Contact penetration problem

  Flags a contact penetration over 1 percent of the element size, with the values it reports.

  problem when max penetration > 0.01 × h; pct = 100 × pen ÷ h

  Nonlinear study fields and thermal stress history nlstudy.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Time steps solved for stress

  Chooses which time steps of the heat run get a stress solve.

  stepᵢ = round(i × steps ÷ (n − 1)), i = 0…n−1

  Nonlinear study fields and thermal stress history thermal-history.js

  • PartCraft
  Exact

• Thermal load per step

  The load vector of each stress step and the temperature range of the worst step.

  ΔT = T − Tref; f = f_mech + ft(ΔT)

  Nonlinear study fields and thermal stress history thermal-history.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Solid cubes from a distance grid

  Marks each cube solid or not from its corner values.

  solid when Σ₈ corner values < 0; origin = lo × h

  Voxel grid and lattice struts field/voxels.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Lattice struts in a box

  The strut list of a lattice that fills a box.

  cells = ⌈(extent ÷ cell) − 1e-9⌉; end = corner + (i + a) × cell

  Voxel grid and lattice struts field/lattice.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Sewing tolerance from model size

  The tolerance with which patch edges are joined.

  tol = max(1e-7, 1e-7 × max |coordinate|)

  Form cage to exact solid: sewing and volume form-brep.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Sewn solid and its volume

  Sews the faces, makes a solid, and measures its volume.

  Form cage to exact solid: sewing and volume form-brep.js

  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Triangle normals, areas and boxes

  The unit normal, area and bounding box of every triangle, and the size of the whole mesh.

  n = (b − a) × (c − a); area = |n| ÷ 2; unit normal = n ÷ |n|

  Rays and distances on a printer mesh print-geom.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Nearest face along a ray

  The distance to the first triangle a ray meets between two limits, and whether it meets it from behind.

  det = e₁·(d × e₂); u = (s·(d × e₂)) ÷ det; v = (d·(s × e₁)) ÷ det; t = (e₂·(s × e₁)) ÷ det

  Rays and distances on a printer mesh print-geom.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Ray and box

  Whether a ray passes through a box within the current distance limits.

  t_near = (min − o) × (1 ÷ d); t_far = (max − o) × (1 ÷ d), per axis

  Rays and distances on a printer mesh print-geom.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Point to triangle distance

  The squared distance from a point to the closest point of one triangle.

  closest point q by the corner, edge and face regions; d² = |p − q|²

  Rays and distances on a printer mesh print-geom.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Distance to the nearest face

  The distance from a point to the nearest triangle within a search radius.

  d = √(min over triangles of d²), limited to r

  Rays and distances on a printer mesh print-geom.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Fewest cells that fit the bed

  How many equal cells along x, y and z make every piece fit the printer bed, allowing a piece to lie on its side.

  start: nₖ = ⌈sizeₖ ÷ largest bed side − 10⁻⁹⌉; cellₖ = sizeₖ ÷ nₖ (+ extra on a cut axis); fits if cellₖ ≤ bed_p(k) + 10⁻⁹

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Cut planes of the grid

  The planes that cut the model's box into the chosen number of cells.

  d = lo + (hi − lo) × i ÷ n

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Planes and triangles about the model's middle

  Normalizes the given planes and moves planes and triangles to coordinates measured from the middle of the model's box.

  n̂ = n ÷ |n|; d = d ÷ |n|; d_local = d − n̂·org; p_local = p − org

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit

• Model into the boolean library

  Hands the model's corners to manifold-3d, measured from the middle of its box.

  q = p − org; corners welded where round(q × 10⁵) agree; stored as 32-bit

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Pieces back from the boolean library

  Reads a piece's corners from manifold-3d and returns them to world coordinates.

  world = org + 32-bit local corner

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Cutting by each plane

  Splits every cell by the next plane and keeps the parts that have volume.

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  32-bit in part

• Outline of a cut through the model

  The line segments where a plane crosses the model's triangles, in the plane's own two axes.

  sᵢ = n·pᵢ − d; k = sᵢ ÷ (sᵢ − sⱼ); point = pᵢ + (pⱼ − pᵢ) × k

  Splitting a model into printable pieces print-split.js

  • ModelCraft
  • PartCraft
  64-bit