Calculations

Calculations

• Default thresholds

  The heights the filter uses when the caller gives none.

  h₀ = 0.3 × cell; h_max = 6 × cell; low noise = slope × cell × 3 + 3 × h₀

  Ground points from an unclassified point cloud ground-classify.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Lowest point per cell

  Sorts the points into grid cells and keeps the lowest of each.

  column = ⌊(x − minₓ) ÷ cell⌋; row = ⌊(y − min_y) ÷ cell⌋

  Ground points from an unclassified point cloud ground-classify.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Stray low points

  Drops single points that lie far below their neighbors.

  stray when median(neighbors) − z > low-noise limit

  Ground points from an unclassified point cloud ground-classify.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Opening with growing windows

  Marks cells that stand above the opened surface as objects, round by round.

  wₖ = 2ᵏ + 1; dhₖ = min(h_max, slope × (wₖ − wₖ₋₁) × cell + h₀); object when z − opened > dhₖ

  Ground points from an unclassified point cloud ground-classify.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Morphological opening

  The minimum, then the maximum, over a square window around each cell.

  Ground points from an unclassified point cloud ground-classify.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Coordinates read from a row

  Takes the northing, easting and elevation of one line of a point file.

  Survey point files: reading and writing points.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Points written as a PNEZD file

  Writes point number, northing, easting, elevation and description, comma separated.

  N, E and Z written with dec decimals (3 by default)

  Survey point files: reading and writing points.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Point count per group

  Counts the points of each description group.

  Survey point files: reading and writing points.js

  • CivilCraft
  Exact

• Grades and vertical curves

  Builds the grades between PVIs and the curve at each interior PVI.

  g = Δz ÷ Δsta; A = (g₂ − g₁) × 100; L = K × |A|; z_BVC = z_PVI − g₁ × L ÷ 2; x_high/low = −g₁ × L ÷ (g₂ − g₁)

  Vertical profile: grades and parabolic curves profile.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Design elevation at a station

  The profile's elevation at any station.

  z = z_BVC + g₁ × x + (g₂ − g₁) × x² ÷ (2L), x = sta − BVC; on a tangent z = zᵢ + g × (sta − staᵢ)

  Vertical profile: grades and parabolic curves profile.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Grade at a station

  The profile's slope at any station.

  g = g₁ + (g₂ − g₁) × (sta − BVC) ÷ L

  Vertical profile: grades and parabolic curves profile.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Existing ground along the alignment

  Samples the surface's elevation at regular stations and at the alignment's key stations.

  step = length ÷ 1000, at least 0.5; stations: start, start + step, …, end, plus key stations

  Vertical profile: grades and parabolic curves profile.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Stand-in ground for a road with no survey

  The elevation and extent of the flat ground a corridor is drawn on when the project has no surface.

  z = mean of the PVI elevations, rounded to 0.01; margin = (60 m or 200 ft) + 6 × (z_max − z_min)

  Project: stand-in ground, volumes and saved points project.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Cut and fill inside the daylight lines

  The total cut and fill and the figures per graded item.

  Project: stand-in ground, volumes and saved points project.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Points in the project file

  Writes each survey point to the .civilcraft.json file.

  Project: stand-in ground, volumes and saved points project.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Default rate table

  The rates by radius and the relative gradient a new corridor starts with.

  Superelevation: runoff, runout and lane slopes superelev.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Rate for a radius

  Looks up the superelevation rate of a curve.

  Superelevation: runoff, runout and lane slopes superelev.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Runoff, runout and transition stations

  The lengths and stations of the transition into and out of each curve.

  L_r = lane × e ÷ Δ; L_t = (NC ÷ e) × L_r; without a spiral: level at TS − ⅔L_r, full at TS + ⅓L_r

  Superelevation: runoff, runout and lane slopes superelev.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Outside lane slope through a transition

  The cross slope of the outside lane at a station.

  runout: NC − NC × (x − nc₀) ÷ L_t; runoff: −e × (x − lc₀) ÷ L_r; result = max(up, down, −e)

  Superelevation: runoff, runout and lane slopes superelev.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Lane slopes at a station

  The fall-away slope of the left and right lanes.

  inside = max(NC, −outside)

  Superelevation: runoff, runout and lane slopes superelev.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Line taken from the team

  Turns shared geometry into feature line points in the drawing's unit.

  k = 1 (same unit), 0.3048 (ft → m) or 1 ÷ 0.3048 (m → ft); p′ = p × k

  Shared feature lines: units and geometry team-lines.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Line sent to the team

  Turns a feature line into the points that are shared.

  Shared feature lines: units and geometry team-lines.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• One point into its cell

  Decides whether an incoming point is kept, replaces the cell's point, or is dropped.

  i = ⌊(x − oₓ) ÷ cell⌋; key = i × 2³² + (j + 2³¹); nearest: d² = (fₓ − i − ½)² + (f_y − j − ½)²

  Thinning point clouds to a spacing thin.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• The thinned points

  Returns one point per occupied cell.

  average mode: x̄ = Σx ÷ n, ȳ = Σy ÷ n, z̄ = Σz ÷ n

  Thinning point clouds to a spacing thin.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Grid step for a spacing

  How many grid nodes to skip so an elevation grid is thinned to about the spacing asked for.

  n = max(1, round(spacing ÷ cell size))

  Thinning point clouds to a spacing thin.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Estimate of points kept

  Tells the import dialog about how many points a thinning will keep.

  kept ≈ Σ min(points × f, cell area × f ÷ spacing² + 1), f = part of the coarse cell inside the area

  Thinning point clouds to a spacing thin.js

  • CivilCraft
  64-bit

• Clear spacing a bar asks for

  The least clear distance between parallel bars for a bar size and aggregate.

  max(25.4, d_b, 4/3 × aggregate) mm; BS bars: max(d_b, aggregate + 5, 20) mm

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Free gap at a point

  The length of the free stretch that contains a point, between the bars either side of it.

  gap = right − left; 0 inside a bar

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Need and grid size

  Sets what the concrete needs and how fine the map is.

  cell = max(5, given, or max(10, ⌈max(L, B) ÷ 160 ÷ 5⌉ × 5)); columns = round(L ÷ cell)

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Opening and ratio per cell, and the worst place

  Fills the map and finds the tightest opening and the number of cells that are too tight.

  opening = min of the gaps in each layer; ratio = need ÷ opening

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Share of the open area that is too tight

  The fraction of free cells whose ratio is over 1.

  share = cells with ratio > 1 ÷ cells with opening > 0

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  32-bit in part

• The congestion problem

  The warning or error listed for a footing whose steel is too tight.

  Rebar congestion map of a footing congestion.js

  • DetailCraft
  32-bit in part

• Conversion constants and two-decimal rounding

  The pound and inch factors and the helper that writes two decimals.

  lb = kg × 2.20462262185; in = mm ÷ 25.4; f2(v) = round(v × 100) ÷ 100

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Weight and plate area fields

  The weight and area written on a line, in metric or imperial units.

  weight = kg, or kg × 2.20462262185 lb; area = m², or m² × 10.7639104167 sq ft

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Inches as a fraction to 1/16

  Writes a plate or bolt size in inches and sixteenths.

  n = round(inches × 16); whole = ⌊n ÷ 16⌋; fraction reduced by halving

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Size designation

  The type code and size text of a part's profile.

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Detail line: quantity, length, weight, area

  One D line of the file for a part mark.

  plate area m² = width × length ÷ 10⁶

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Hole counts by size

  The labor lines that count a part's holes by diameter and thickness.

  KISS file: quantities, sizes and weights kiss.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Scale of a pasted picture

  Works out how big one pixel of the copied area is in the model.

  mm per pixel = width in mm ÷ width in pixels

  Reference picture size and position picture.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Picture size in millimeters

  The width and height of the picture in the model.

  w = pixelsₓ × mm per pixel; h = pixels_y × mm per pixel

  Reference picture size and position picture.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Picture corners

  The four corners of the picture's outline.

  corner = middle ± size ÷ 2

  Reference picture size and position picture.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Picture values read from a file

  Checks a picture's numbers when a model is opened.

  Reference picture size and position picture.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Area, mass per meter, width, depth and perimeter

  Fills in the values every member, bill of materials and drawing reads from a profile.

  mass kg/m = published value, else area mm² × 10⁻⁶ × ρ kg/m³

  Steel profiles: area, mass per meter and sizes profiles.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Plate name

  The name of a plate profile from its thickness and width.

  PL<t>x<w>, each to 2 decimals

  Steel profiles: area, mass per meter and sizes profiles.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Thickness a hole goes through

  The material thickness on the face a hole is made in.

  Steel profiles: area, mass per meter and sizes profiles.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Profile summary in the properties panel

  The rows of sizes, area and mass shown for a profile.

  area cm² = area mm² ÷ 100

  Steel profiles: area, mass per meter and sizes profiles.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Custom profile sizes

  Checks the sizes of a profile a person defines.

  Steel profiles: area, mass per meter and sizes profiles.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• A part's solid

  Builds the side faces and end caps of one steel part.

  USD export of the steel model usd-detailcraft.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Millimeters to meters

  Converts a world point for the USD file.

  (x, y, z) m = (x, y, z) mm ÷ 1000

  USD export of the steel model usd-detailcraft.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit

• Length and weight attributes

  The length in meters and the weight in kilograms written on each part.

  length m = length mm ÷ 1000

  USD export of the steel model usd-detailcraft.js

  • DetailCraft
  64-bit